红松自由授粉子代家系生产力年度变异与家系选

Age Variations in Productivity and Family Selection of Open-Pollinated Families of Korean Pine(Pinus koraiensis)

以黑龙江省尚志市苇河林业局青山种子园的79个红松优树半同胞家系子代为对象,测定其21、25和27 a生的生长性状。结果表明,在过半轮伐期后的红松生长性状以材积的增长量最大,在3个树龄材积的变异系数最大,树高、胸径和材积在3个树龄的平均变异系数分别为13.12%、22.39%和46.34%。生长性状在21、25和27 a生均表现出显著或极显著的家系效应。生长性状遗传力受弱至中度的遗传控制,相同年度内,家系遗传力均高于单株遗传力。以材积做选择目标,以20%的入选率对材积进行选择,选出16个优良家系的材积在21、25和27 a时的平均值分别为0.036 8、0.048 6和0.061 6 m3,分别比当年生对照（CK）高28.67%、15.02%和14.07%,本研究还初选17个优良单株,材积的遗传增益在20.25%~34.37%。

With 79 open-pollinated families of Korean pine （Pinus koraiensis） collected from plus trees of Qingshan Shangzhi seed orchard, we tested the growth capability of 21, 25 and 27 years at Weihe Forestry Bureau of City, in Heilongjiang Province. The volume of wood of growth capability was the biggest at half rotation period. Coefficient of variation was the biggest in volume of wood and the averages of coefficient of variation were 13.12% , 22.39% and 46.34% in height, diameter at breast height and volume of wood for three phases of old, respectively. The results showed highly significant family effects for growth capability at 21, 25 and 27 years. The genetic variations were under middle-level genetic control, the family heritability all was apparently higher than individual heritability for three phases of old. We selected 16 superior families and 17 superior individuals according to the volume and 20% rate of selection. The averages in the volume of superior families were 0. 036 8, 0. 048 6 and 0. 061 6 m3 for three phases, respectively, and all were 28.67%, 15.02% and 14.07% more than that of CK, respectively. The genetic gain for individual volume were in 20. 25% , 34.37% in 17 superior individuals.