存在者的内部结构探究--阿奎那的存在论

An Exploration of the Internal Structure of Beings——Thomas Aquinas on Ontology

托马斯·阿奎那的哲学建立在亚里士多德哲学的基础之上。阿奎那指出在实体论上本质与存在是不同的,他坚持存在优先于本质的观点。在论文中,通过分析物质实体、灵智体与上帝三种存在者的本质和存在,来说明存在使存在者由潜能变为现实。这种理论不仅批判了柏拉图的本质主义,也标志着阿奎那完成了形而上学的革命,并由此奠定了阿奎那在哲学领域中的基础性地位。

Thomas Aquinas＇ philosophy is based on Aristotle＇s philosophy. Thomas Aquinas claims that the essence and being are different in ontology, and insists that being takes precedence of the essence. This paper holds that being makes beings realistic, which criticizes Plato＇s essentialism by analyzing the essence of material substances, immateral substances and God. It marks Aquinas＇ accomplishment of the revolution of metaphysics, and establishing a fundamental status of Aquinas in the field of philosophy.