政府干预、产学联盟与企业技术创新

The Government Intervention, Industry-University Alliance and Technical Innovation of Enterprises

在经济转型期,产学联盟的技术创新行为和绩效在很大程度上受到来自各级政府的约束。通过考察产方(企业)与学方(高校及科研院所)的行为逻辑,将政府行为引入产学双方的目标函数,构建了一个"考虑政府行为的企业技术创新决策模型"。模型分析表明:(1)若提高对公共资源的干预力度,企业单位创新产出所耗费的资本与劳动将增加,即地方政府干预行为会导致企业创新要素利用低效率;(2)随着地方政府干预力度的不断增强,产学联盟双方会更加偏好于创新产出目标(以产值计),更多的公共资源被配置到创新与研发领域,进而有利于扩大整个社会的创新产出;(3)产学联盟收益分配应该遵循"要素相对重要性"原则,企业的创新收益或政府补贴应该向人力资本倾斜。由此引申出的政策含义是,在中央政府鼓励和支持产业(企业)创新的政策导向下,地方政府有动力加强对公共资源的配置,从而直接或间接提高了社会总的产出总量,但这是以牺牲创新资源利用效率为代价的,长远来看应该正确处理政府与市场的关系,建立以企业为主体的技术创新体系。

In the transition period, behavior of the industry-university alliances is constraint by central and local govemment. Considering the industry and university behavior styles, it is necessary to introduce the intervention of govemments to objective function. This article developed a model of innovation decision by considering the govern- ment intervention. Analysis shows： （1） Business unit innovation output of capital and labor cost will increases when the local government strengthen their interments. （2） Expanding the innovation output of the whole society with enhancing the local government intervention. （3） It should be following the principles that the main innova- tion revenue earned by the human capital. The suggestion is that it is important to deal well with the relationship between government and the market, and to establish a good corporate innovation mechanism of enterprises .