基于三阶段DEA模型的城市土地利用经济效率分析——以江浙沪地区为例

Analysis on Economic Efficiency of Urban Land Use in Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Shanghai Area Based on Three-stage DEA Model

城市土地资源短缺、利用率偏低已经成为制约地区经济发展的关键性因素。选取江浙沪地区作为研究对象,运用三阶段DEA模型对该地区25个城市在2009-2012年间的土地利用经济效率进行实证分析。首先,运用传统DEA方法将技术效率分解为纯技术效率和规模效率。其次,运用SFA模型剔除外部环境因素和随机误差的影响,得到新的投入变量。最后,将新的投入变量和原始产出变量重新代入传统DEA模型,得到更加准确的效率值。结果表明,纯技术效率被低估,技术效率和规模效率被较大程度高估;大部分城市的决策与管理水平都较为成熟,但仍处于规模报酬递增阶段;上海和苏州的土地利用水平最高,江苏省的苏南地区高于苏北地区,浙江省的浙东地区高于浙西地区,城市土地利用经济效率与地区经济发展水平和产业结构高度相关。

Land shortage and low utilization of urban and resource have become the main restrictions of regional economic development. In this paper, we chose Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai provinces as the study area and constructed a three-stage DEA model to evaluate the economic efficiency of urban land use from 2009 to 2012. We divided technical efficiency into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency, excluded the impact of external environmental factors and random errors, and then evaluated exactly urban land use efficiency of 25 cities in this area. Based on empirical research, three main results were drawn as follows： ①Average pure technical efficiency is underestimated mildly, while scale efficiency is overestimated largely. ②The levels of decision-making and management in most cities are quite mature, but their scale remuneration is still at an increasing stage.③The levels of Shanghai and Suzhou are the highest; South Jiangsu is higher than northern cities; Eastern Zhejiang is higher than western areas. The urban land use efficiency has a high correlation with the level of local economy and industrial structure.