中山市和广州市农村居民行为生活方式调查

Investigation on behaviors and lifestyles about residents in rural communities in the city of Zhongshan and Guangzhou

目的了解中山市和广州市农村居民的行为生活方式情况,为制定有针对性的健康教育和促进干预措施提供科学依据。方法在广州市随机抽取18岁及以上农村居民19 466名,在中山市随机抽取18岁及以上农村居民2 639名,以其为研究对象采用自行编制的调查表进行现场问卷调查,采用Epi Data 3.1软件编制统一的数据库,数据进行双录入,使用SPSS 16.0进行数据统计分析,分析两城市农村居民行为生活方式现状。结果广州市和中山市农村居民吸烟率分别为17.7%(3 445人)和25.3%(668人)、饮酒率分别为10.9%(2 122人)和13.3%(351人),广州市居民睡眠质量好和较好的占总人数的78%(15 184人),明显好于中山市居民睡眠质量(1 496人,占56.7%),两市居民的吸烟情况、饮酒情况、睡眠质量对比均有统计学意义(P<0.01);两城市居民静坐时间均较长、45岁及以上居民吸烟率及饮酒率均高于当地其他年龄段人群、饮食结构存在不合理现象、体育锻炼形式和健康知识获取途径和方式较为集中和单一。结论两城市农村居民仍普遍存在不良行为生活方式,尤其45岁及以上居民表现更加明显,应在社区开展有针对性的健康教育和促进工作。

Objective To understand the behaviors and lifestyles on the rural residents between Guangzhou city and Zhongshan city,and provide evidence for health education and intervention. Methods The 19 466 and 2 639 rural residents from Guangzhou and Zhongshan were taken out randomly and investigated in self-designed questionnaires,respectively. The data entry was used Epi Data 3. 1 software,and used SPSS 16. 0 software to analyze the lifestyle behaviors among rural residents in the two cities. Results The smoking rates of the rural residents in Guangzhou and Zhongshan cities were 17. 7%（ 3 445 people） and 25. 3%（ 668 people）,drinking rates were 10. 9%（ 2 122 people） and 13. 3%（ 351people）,respectively,and the sleep quality of Guangzhou residents（ 15 184 people,78%） was better than that of Zhongshan（ 1 496 people,56. 7%）. Comparison of smoking status,drinking condition,sleep quality among the 2 cities residents was statistically significant（ P〈0. 01）. The time of sitting still of two cities among residents was too long,and smoking and drinking rates between the two cities of residents aged beyond 45 years were above than other age groups,diet of two city residents have irrational behaviors,and the form of physical exercise and health knowledge were concentrated and a single. Conclusion The rural residents had some unhealthy behaviors,especially those beyond the 45 years-old,which should implement health education and health interventions to the point.