中国高等教育经费投入空间格局及形成机理研究

Spatial Pattern and Formation Mechanism of Higher Education Investment of China

利用Cartogram专题地图分析1995-2011年中国省际高等教育经费支出空间分布差异的基础上,采用Wolfson极化指数与循环累积因果原理分析高等教育经费投入空间差异化的形成机理,得出结论：①中国高等教育经费投入总体呈＂东、中、西＂阶梯状递减的非均衡空间格局,空间极化日益显著;生均教育经费虽然比较均衡,但仍呈＂东西两大地带隆起而中部塌陷＂的特征;部属院校教育经费非均衡性与地方院校相比更为突出。②中国高等教育经费投入区域差异是受国家政策主导,在人口分布、地理环境、经济发展水平及资金收益率等多因素的影响下形成的复杂循环累积效应所致。

Higher education Investment is not only the basic protection of daily operation of higher education,but also promotes regional economic development and enhances the strength of national science and technology. On the basis of analyzing spatial distribution differences of expenditure on higher education in all provinces of China during 1995-2011 by Cartogram map, this paper used Wolfson Polarization Index and Circular Cumulative Causation model to study on the mechanism of spatial differentiation higher education investment. We came to the following conclusions：1） There are distributive laws of zonality that higher education investment reduces from east to west, with spatial non-equilibrium and spatial polarization being increasingly significant;funding per student is relatively equal, although it＇s still higher in both East China and West China than in Middle China; the non-equilibrium in higher education funding of central subordinate university is more prominent than that of local subordinate university.2） Complex circular cumulative causation which was leaded by national policy and influenced by population density and level of economic development, investing differently in accordance with the return rate of capital, has formed the investment differentiation on higher education.