有氧运动操对轻度认知障碍的影响

The effects of aerobic training on the cognition of patients with mild cognitive impairment

目的观察有氧运动操对轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者的影响。方法将MCI患者60例按随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组，治疗组29例，对照组31例。治疗组在节奏性强的音乐引导下进行运动操训练，对照组仅接受宣传教育，未进行任何干预。于训练前和治疗3个月（训练后）分别对2组患者进行MMSE评分、MoCA评分、韦氏逻辑记忆评分、韦氏数字广度评分、连线测试、符号数字评测、社会功能状况（FAQ）评分、生命质量（sF-36）评分以及事件相关电位（听觉诱发电位P300）检查。结果训练后，治疗组MMSE评分、MoCA评分、韦氏逻辑记忆量表评分、连线测验A、连线测验B、符号数字模式测试、SF-36评分及P300潜伏期分别为（28．0±1．3）分、（24．6±2．3）分、（17．5±3．8）分、（66．2±24．5）s、（158．3±48．7）S、（35．6±8.8）个、（113．6±17．7）分、（422．0±40．0）ms，与组内训练前比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而对照组仅MoCA评分与组内训练前比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；且训练后，治疗组的韦氏逻辑记忆测试和连线测验B与对照组训练后比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。线性回归分析显示，韦氏逻辑记忆分值和运动操训练呈正相关（P〈0．01），而连线试验B与运动操训练呈负相关（P〈0．01）。结论有氧运动可显著改善MCI患者认知功能。

Objective To evaluate the effects of aerobic training on elderly persons with mild cognitive im- pairment （MCI）. Methods Sixty patients with MCI were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, each of 30. The patients in the treatment group received 3 months of group gymnastics training which involved aerobic exercise to rhythmic music. Those in the control group accepted only health education. All of the subjects took cogni- tive assessments, were rated using functional activities questionnaire （FAQ） and a quality of life scale, and had their P300 auditory event-related potentials measured at enrollment and after the 3 months. Results There were no sig- nificant differences between the 2 groups before the intervention. After the 3 months of training the treatment group had improved significantly in terms of most of the cognitive assessments （ MMSE, MoCA） , the revised Wechsler Memory Scale, logical memory, the trail-making test and the symbol digit modalities test）. SF-36 was also significant- ly improved in the treatment group after the 3 months of training. Conclusion Aerobic training can significantly im- prove the cognitive functioning of patients with MCI.