含纳米镍粉齿轮油摩擦学性能研究

Study on Tribological Properties of Gear Oil with Nano-Ni Powders

为提高传统齿轮油的摩擦学性能,选择高速剪切和纳米镍粉表面修饰相结合的分散方式制备含纳米镍粉的齿轮油,采用四球试验机研究高速剪切转速和时间、KH560分散剂及纳米镍粉加入量对齿轮油摩擦学性能的影响,并采用SEM和EDS等对磨斑形貌和成分进行分析表征,初步探讨其抗磨减摩机制。结果表明:高速剪切转速为3 000r/min,剪切时间为30 min,分散剂KH560质量分数为6%时,纳米镍粉在齿轮油可的分散效果最好;纳米镍粉质量分数为0.5%时,齿轮油综合摩擦学性能较好,摩擦因数和磨斑直径较未添加镍粉的齿轮油分别下降25.5%和22.6%;含纳米镍粉齿轮油在不同载荷下均具有较好的减摩性能,但只在较低压力下具有较好的抗磨性能。磨痕形貌及能谱分析结果表明:在摩擦过程中含纳米镍粉齿轮油中的纳米镍粉能起到填平犁沟、修复磨痕表面的作用。

In order to improve the tribological properties of conventional gear oils,the gear oil with nano?Ni powders was prepared by combining the dispersion methods of high speed shear and surface modifacation of nano?Ni powders.The effects of high shear speed and time,KH560 dispersant addition and nano?Ni powders addition on tribological properties of gear oils were studied by using four?ball tester.The wear scar morphology and composition were characterized by means of SEM and EDS,and the antiwear mechanism was preliminary explored.The results indicate that the best dispersion effect of nano?Ni powders in the gear oil is realized at the high shear speed of 3 000 r/min,shearing time of 30 min,and the KH560 weight of 6%.The gear oil with nano?Ni powder weight of 0. 5% has the best tribological properties,its friction coefficient and wear scar diameter are reduced by 25. 5% and 22. 6% respectively as compared to the gear oil without nano?Ni pow?der.The gear oil with nano?Ni powders has good friction reducing property at different loads,but only has good antiwear property at low loads.The results of wear scar morphology and EDS analysis show that the nickel powder added to the gear oil plays a part in filling furrows and repairing worn surface during the friction process.