低速干车削条件下车刀温度的红外测试研究

Infrared Measurement Study of Cutting Tool Temperature under the Condition of Low Speed and Dry Cutting

利用数控车床和手持式红外测温仪,研究了干车削铝棒过程中车削参数对车刀刀尖温度的影响规律,通过试验得到了不同车削参数下车削温度的时间曲线以及温度均方根值随车削参数的变化曲线。研究结果表明:同一走刀的车削过程中,刀尖温度具有时变特性。随着车削的进行,刀尖温度逐渐升高,至走刀结束时,温度达到最高值;刀具温度与车床主轴转速、进给速度、车削深度成正相关关系,车削参数越大,车削温度越高;刀尖温度均方根值随主轴转速按双线性规律变化,主轴转速超过一定值后,温度均方根值急剧升高;刀尖温度均方根值随进给速度、车削深度近似按线性规律变化,进给速度对刀尖温度的影响较大,车削深度对温度的影响最小。

By means of numerical control lathe and hand-held infra-red thermometer,the effect of cutting parameters on the temperature of cutting tool tip was studied during the cutting on the aluminum bar under the condition of low speed and dry cutting.The curves of turning temperature changing with time under different cutting parameters and the curves of root mean square( RMS) of turning temperature changing with cutting parameters were obtained by experiments.The study indicates that the cutting tool tip temperature change with time at the same feeding period,and the temperature increases gradually with the turning time and then reaches its maximum at the feeding end.The tool temperature shows a positive correlation with the spindle speed of lathe,feed rate,and cutting depth,and the bigger the turning parameter,the higher the temperature.The RMS of tool tip temperature changes with the spindle speed by a bilinear law,and the RMS of tool tip temperature increases rapidly when the speed is greater than a critical value.The RMS of tool tip temperature changes with the feed rate and cutting depth by an approximate linear law,and feed rate has a greater effect on the turning temperature while the cutting depth has a smallest effect on the turning temperature.