巨早葡萄花穗整形及生长调节剂处理对果实品质的影响

Different treatments of flower thinning and plant growth regulator on fruit quality of Juzao grapevine

试验以巨峰系芽变品种巨早为试材,于开花前进行不同花穗整形处理,花后10 d进行不同组合及浓度的生长调节剂处理,果实成熟后测定果实品质指标。结果表明,保留穗尖6.5 cm并在花后10 d用25 mg/kg赤霉素浸蘸果穗并全株喷洒2 mg/kg芸苔素内酯的组合处理,其果粒大、糖度高、酸度低、果实色泽好,果型美观,即果实综合品质较好,适宜精品果管理技术;其次是去穗尖歧肩并进行生长调节剂处理的组合。在无生长调节剂处理的情况下,去穗尖歧肩的处理在保证较高产量的同时,果实糖度较高,糖酸比也较高,果形指数大,着色亦较好,是一般丰产园可采用的花果整形方式。

The fruit quality of Juzao grapevine （a bud mutant variety of Kyoho） at harvest was investigated bydifferent flower thinning treatments before flowering, and plant growth regulator with different concentrations 10days after flowering. The results showed that the better comprehensive quality which included larger fruit size,higher sugar acid ratio and adequate appearance quality was achieved by dipping GA3 at 25 mg/kg on fruit with only6.5 cm spica tip （the rest of flower clusters had been removed from the inflorescence） and spraying BRs （brassinolide）at 2 mg/kg on the whole plant 10 days after full bloom, indicated that the above treatments might be suitable for topendvineyards. In addition, the treatment of retaining middle inflorescence combined with plant growth regulator hada good influence on fruit quality. Meanwhile, in the case of flower thinning only, the treatment of retaining middleflower within inflorescence could ensure high yield and quality of berries, so this kind of flower thinning might be fitfor fruit and flower management in ordinary vineyards.