梯度准则在感潮地区水文测站布设的应用研究

Application on gradient method used in tidal river network hydrological station layout

水文站网是开展水文工作的基础,水文测站的布设直接影响到水文资料的可靠程度。本文针对感潮河网地区城市的水系及水文特点,研究适用于感潮河网地区的水文测站布设方法。以上海地区为例,根据梯度准则对该地区水文测站布设进行了研究和探索,并对黄浦江干流和苏州河干流的测站布设数目的上限进行分析,最终得出了可用上下游落潮平均流量作为上下游流量特征值进行分析,同时也验证了廖喜庭经过改进的梯度法适用于感潮河网地区的观点。

This paper was based on the characteristics of the tidal river network of Shanghai.It tried to use the gradient method to research and seek the hydrological station layout of this region,as well as analyzed the upper limit of the number of station layout on the main stream of the Huangpu River and Suzhou River.Finally it gets the conclusion that the mean flow rate of the ebb tide of the upstream and downstream can be used as the flow rate characteristic value of the upstream and downstream to analyze,at the same time,it also verifies the viewpoint that the gradient criterion which is improved by Liao Xiting is applied to the tidal river network areas.