几种有机物料与市售草炭基质理化性状比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Several Organic Materials and Market Sell Peat Substrate

以白灵菇渣、杏鲍菇菇渣、木耳渣、沼渣等有机物料为试材,通过模糊相似优先比方法,研究了不同物料理化性状、植物毒性与市售草炭育苗基质的差别。结果表明:各物料容重、总孔隙度均在适宜范围之内,白灵菇渣、杏鲍菇菇渣、木耳渣水气比显著高于市面出售的草炭育苗基质和沼渣,说明白灵菇渣、杏鲍菇菇渣、木耳渣这几种基质材料透气性好,但持水性、储水能力弱;白灵菇渣、杏鲍菇菇渣、木耳渣以及沼渣pH值均高于市售草炭育苗基质,杏鲍菇菇渣、沼渣偏碱性;白灵菇渣EC值为2.25mS/cm,与市售草炭育苗基质的EC值差异不显著,其它物料EC值均显著高于市售草炭育苗基质,不宜单独作为栽培基质;用小白菜种子做发芽试验,白灵菇渣、杏鲍菇菇渣发芽率与市售草炭育苗基质接近,分别为80.00%、75.00%。白灵菇渣、杏鲍菇菇渣、木耳渣、沼渣都可以作为基质替代材料,但是不宜单独作为栽培基质,应该与其它栽培基质搭配使用,沼渣各性状指标与市售草炭基质最接近。该试验旨在为筛选适宜的有机基质材料及不同物料的合理配比提供可行的方案及理论支持。

Taking Bailing mushroom residue,Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue,fungus residue,biogas as materials,using the difference between the fuzzy similarity priority ratio method,the physical and chemical properties of different materials,plant toxicity were studied.The results showed that each material bulk density,total porosity were within the appropriate range.Bailing mushroom residue,Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue,fungus slag vapor ratio were significantly higher than the market sell peat substrate and biogas residue,Bailing mushroom residue,Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue,fungus slag had good permeability but their water holding capacity were weak;Bailing mushroom residue,Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue,fungus residue and biogas pH were higher than market sell peat substrate,Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue,biogas slightly alkaline;Bailing mushroom residue EC was 2.25mS/cm,which was no significant difference to market sell peat substrate,other materials were significantly higher,these materials should not be used alone as a culture substrate;with cabbage seed germination test done,Bailing mushroom residue,Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue close to market sell peat substrate,germination rate were 80.00%,75.00%.Bailing mushroom residue,Pleurotus eryngii mushroom residue,fungus residue,biogas could be used as an alternative matrix material,but should not be used alone as a growing substrate alonely,they should be used with other growing media.The characters of biogas residue was the most closed to the market sell peat substrate.Through experiment,the purpose was to select the suitable organic matrix material,and provide feasible scheme and theoretical support for reasonable proportion of material.