多胺在癌症治疗中的作用及机制

The Role and Mechanism of Polyamine in Cancer Therapy

多胺是真核细胞生长及发育的必需物质,多胺代谢功能的紊乱与癌症发生密切相关。研究表明,抑制多胺生物合成途径的限速酶鸟氨酸脱羧酶和S-腺苷甲硫氨酸脱羧酶能有效缓解癌症的发展。此外,利用多胺跨膜转运系统的特异性,可将多胺类似物和缀合物转运至细胞内,通过降低细胞内多胺水平,调节组蛋白乙酰化和甲基化水平,促进肿瘤细胞凋亡等途径发挥其抗癌治疗的作用。综述了通过抑制多胺合成酶以及利用多胺类似物和缀合物治疗癌症的研究进展,以期为今后利用多胺代谢途径靶向治疗癌症的研究提供参考。

Polyamine is a necessary substance in eukaryotic cells growth and development, the disorder of polyamine metabolism is closely related to the occurrence of cancer. Research shows that enzyme ornithine decarboxylase and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase inhibiting polyamine biosynthesis effectively relieve the development of cancer. In addition, using the specificity of transmembrane transport system of polyamine, synthesized polyamine analogues and conjugates are transported to the cells, then it plays the role in anti-cancer therapy by decreasing the levels of polyamine, regulating the acetylation and methylation of histone proteins, and effectively promoting the apoptosis of tumor cells. In order to provide reference for the research of targeted therapy to cancer by using metabolic pathway of polyamine in the future, the research progress on the inhibition of polyamine synthase and using polyamine analogues and conjugates for treating cancer are reviewed in this paper.