基于国际竞争力导向的中外研究生培养模式与实践途径比较研究——以英美研究生教育体制为例

Comparative Research on Graduate Students' Innovation Ability at Home and Abroad

英美两国的研究生教育体制注重学生创新能力的培养,在长期发展中不断积累实践经验,在培养模式、培养规模、培养结构、基本学制、"产学研"的无缝对接和研究生教育开放化与国际化等诸多方面,创造了独具一格的特点。为此,为进一步提高我国研究生创新能力,提出加强研究生教学质量管理,调控研究生的整体规模;调控研究生硕博比例,促进学科均衡发展;强化市场需求导向,培养专业硕士人才;强化校企联合,促成"学产研"良性循环;实施全方位开放式交流,促进研究生教育国际化。

British and American graduate education system focus on the cultivation of students＇ innovation ability. In the long-term development of the accumulation of practical experience, it has created some unique characteristics in the training mode, the training scale, culture structure, basic schooling, ＂industry-university-research＂ seamless docking and graduate education opening and internationalization, and other various aspects. Therefore, in order to further improve the innovative ability of graduate students,this paper proposes the following suggestions： （a） to strengthen graduate students teaching quality management and regulate graduate students＇ overall scale; （b） to regulate the diversification proportion of graduate students and Ph.D students, and promote the balanced development of the subject; （c） to strengthen market-oriented demand and master professional personnel training; （d） to strengthen the cooperation between school and enterprise, and promote ＂study- research-production＂ virtuous circle; （e） to implement the full range of open communication, and promote the internationalization of graduate education.