新型农村金融机构的制度障碍与法律完善

Development of New Rural Financial Institutions:Institutional Obstacles and Legal Solutions

内在加剧的盈利性与支农性矛盾冲突和外在缺位的政策激励已经成为以村镇银行与小贷公司为代表的新型农村金融机构的发展掣肘。既有金融结构抑制与金融创新的激励不足又使得新型农村金融机构缺乏发展动力。新型农村金融机构的建设承载了金融公平、金融普惠、金融安全与金融效率等多元发展理念,缺乏有效的制度协调使得深层次的理念冲突浮出水面,进而造成金融机构的发展欠缺可持续性。以"权利-义务-责任"为框架的法律制度为新型农村金融机构的发展提供了改进向标。由内而外,完善企业法人、区域竞争、金融监管和安全保障等制度是新型农村金融机构可持续发展的理想向度。

The inherent contradictions between chasing profits and support agriculture and the absence of the external incentive policy have become the new constraints for rural financial institutions development such like rural bank and the microfinance company.The inhibition of traditional financial structure and the insufficient development of financial innovation makes the new rural financial institutions lack of development power.New rural financial institutions contain a concept of fairness,inclusive,security and efficiency.Financial institutions lacked sustainability because of the lack of institutional coordination.The framework of legal system,＂Right-Obligation-Responsibility＂,has provided the system blueprint for the new rural financial institutions.Protecting agency principal rights,encouraging the principal obligation and strengthening legal liability are the directions of sustainable development of new rural financial institutions.