普外科护士年龄、护龄与心理资本对工作倦怠的影响

Effect of Age, Nursing Age,and Psychological Capital on Job Burnout in General Surgical Nurses

目的:探讨年龄、护龄与心理资本对普外科护理人员工作倦怠的影响。方法:采用心理资本问卷、工作倦怠量表对100名普外科护士进行评估,并对年龄、护龄、两量表评分进行偏相关及逐步多元线性回归分析。结果:年龄、护龄均与工作倦怠的个人成就感降低及工作倦怠总分呈显著负相关(P<0.05);心理资本4个因子与工作倦怠3因子均呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。护龄、心理资本的希望和乐观因子对工作倦怠情绪衰竭因子有负向预测作用(P<0.05);年龄、护龄合并乐观和希望因子对去个性化因子有负向预测作用(P<0.05);年龄、护龄、韧性、自我效能和乐观因子对个人成就感降低因子有负向预测作用(P<0.01)。结论:护理管理者应对不同年龄和护龄的护士,针对性地提高其心理资本从而降低工作倦怠的发生,其中尤其应着重低年资的年轻护士的干预。

Objective： To explore the effects of age, nursing age, and psychological capital on job burnout in general surgical nurses.Method： 100 general surgical nurses were enrolled as the research group-They were investigated with Psychological Capital Questionnaire-24 （ PCQ-24 ）, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey （MBI-GS） .The age, nursing age, and psychological capital scores were investigated by Pearson＇s correlation and multivariate line regression analyses.Result： The age and nursing age were negatively correlated with reduced personnel accomplishment scores and total scores in job burnout of nurses （ P〈0.05 ） .The four dimensions scores of psychological capital were negatively correlated with three dimensions scores of job burnout of nurses （ P〈0.01 ） . Nursing age, and hope and optimism scores of psychological capital had a negative prediction function on emotional exhaustion scores of job burnout （ P〈0.05 ） .Age, nursing age and hope and optimism scores of psychological capital had a negative prediction function on the deindividuation of job burnout （ P〈0.05 ） ; Age, nursing age, tenacity,, self-efficacy and optimism scores of psychological capital had a negative prediction function on reduced personal accomplishment of job burnout （P〈0.01） .Conclusion： Nursing managers should target to improve psychological capital to reduce the job burnout for general surgical nurses according to different age and nursing age, which suggests that these interventions should be focused on young and low qualification nurse especially.