泛珠三角区域入境旅游发展效率评价及影响因素

Inbound Tourism Development Efficiency and Influencing Factors in Inland Nine Provinces of the Pan-Pearl River Delta

利用超效率DEA方法测度了2005—2014年期间泛珠九省的入境旅游发展效率,并借助波士顿矩阵分析了区域内部的市场竞争态势,进而采用面板数据模型验证了影响效率的因素。研究表明:泛珠九省的效率总体上呈现出改善趋势但也存在波折,海南、湖南及江西的效率表现相对优良;9省的效率高于全国平均水平而略低于泛长三角地区的水平。旅游业所占比重、区位和交通条件、旅游服务设施、资源禀赋及经济开放水平对入境旅游的发展具有积极影响。突发事件对入境旅游产生明显的消极作用,旅游管理者应该建立起快速响应机制,将其负面影响降到最低。泛珠区域应该加强协调与合作,致力于促进区域内旅游资源共享,联合规划与开发精品旅游线路,构建整体旅游形象。

The development efficiency of inbound tourism during 2005-2014 in 9 provinces of Pan-Pearl River Delta was measured based on super- efficiency DEA method, and we analyzed the region market competition with the Boston matrix. What＇s more, related factors that maybe affect development efficiency were empirically analyzed based on Panel data model. The results show that the development efficiency level experienced overall improvement trend, but there were some fluctuations. The efficiency level of Hainan, Hunan and Jiangxi province was relatively high. The efficiency of nine provinces is better than the national average level, but slightly lower than the level of Pan-Yangtze River Delta.The empirical results show that the proportion of tourism industry, location and traffic condition, travel service facilities,natural resources and open level of economic development has positive impact on inbound tourism development efficiency. Unexpected event has significant negative effects on inbound tourism. The travel managers should establish a rapid policy response mechanism for unexpected event, which can minimize the negative impact. Pan-PRD region should strengthen coordination and cooperation, and promote regional tourism resource sharing, develop tourist routes and build overall tourism image.