南水北调中线工程汉江安康段水源保护主要成本补偿标准——基于陕西省安康市10县区调查

Cost Compensation Standard for Water Source Protection in Ankang Section of Hanjiang River in Middle Route of South-to-north Water Transfer Project——Based on Investigation of Ten Counties and Districts in Ankang City of Shaanxi Province

[目的]对调水资源保护主要成本标准进行研究,以期有效防止因缺乏保护资金而出现水质逆转现象,为政府决策提供科学决策。[方法]运用主成分分析法和成本替代法,针对欠发达地区关停产业后,替代产业成本分散难于计算的问题,运用"预期利润"替代"机会成本"。[结果]经对中线工程陕西省安康市水源保护主要成本进行测算的结果发现,实际年付出的主要保护成本为1.85×109元,而国家年补偿的数值仅为实际付出的50%。[结论]国家应进一步加大补偿力度,防止水质逆转现象发生。

[Objective]In order to prevent water quality deterioration due to the financial constraint and to provide scientific support for government decision,it is necessary to define the primary cost compensation standard for water transfer.[Methods]The principal component analysis and the cost substitution method was used.Because of the cost dispersion of substitute industry in underdeveloped areas,this paper used expected profit instead of opportunity cost.[Results]The primary water protection cost in Ankang City of Shaanxi Province was 1.85×10^9 yuan in middle route of South-to-North water transfer project,but the economic compensation from the central government account for only 50%.[Conclusion]The central government should provide more compensation in order to prevent the deterioration of water quality.