湖南省新化县农药安全使用现况调查与因素分析

Investigationon the safe use of pesticides and its factor analysis in Xinhua County of Hunan Province

目的了解湖南省农村农药安全使用现状与存在的问题,探究影响农药安全使用行为的相关因素。方法采用整群随机抽样问卷调查法,调查内容包括农药安全使用行为及相关因素,共调查526位农民,有效问卷464份,回收率为88.21%。结果从来没有接受过农药安全使用相关的宣传和培训的农民占50.4%。在施药时从来不戴口罩的农民占被调查总人数的50.3%,100%的被调查农民施药时不穿专业的防护衣。会将废弃物丢至专业回收处的被调查农民占11.6%。教育水平、是否接触宣传培训在logistic回归模型中具有统计学意义。未接触宣传培训组计分(13.77±2.949)低于接触宣传培训组(15.61±2.027),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论加强宣传培训是促进农民安全使用农药的重要途径。

Objective To understand the current situation and problem of safe use of pesticides in countryside of Hunan Province, and to explore the relative /actors with behavior of pesticides safety use. Methods Cluster random sampling was employed and and 526 farmers were surveyed with questionnaire. 464 subjectives were effective and the recovery rate is 50.4%. Results 50.4% farmers had never received any health education and training about pesticides safe use. 50. 3% farmers had never worn respirator when they were spraying pesticides and 100~ farmers had never worn professional protective clothing. Only 11.6% famers throwed the used garbage of pesticides to professional recycle place. Educational level and training factors were statistical significance through Logistic regression analysis. The score of group without training （13. 77±2. 949）was less than that in other group （15.61±2. 027）and the difference was statistical significance （P〈0.01）. Conclusions Strengthing health education and training are the important routes to promote the safe use of pesticides.