成语、惯用语界定标准之我见——由“表意双层性”引发的思考

The Opinions to the Problems of Ready Phrases and Habitual Phrases——A reflect on the Bi-level representation of Chines idioms

成语、惯用语是人们惯常认定的两类重要熟语。学界为上述两类熟语所下的定义及其界定标准不很一致,准此而析出的一些单位常常得不到学者们的一致认同。文章从理据性、合理性及可操作性三方面,考察分析了曾在一定范围内产生影响的"表意双层性"理论,判断其得失,并据原型范畴理论及隐喻理论提出作者自己的见解:弹性的语言观和柔性的处理法则或于问题的解决更有裨益;将二者截然划分开来的绝对标准——对外有排他性,对内有普适性的标准——或许本来就是理想化的,并不存在于现实中。

Ready phrases and habitual phrases are two accustomed idioms that still have no coincident definitions in academic and the units analyzed from which can hardly be acknowledged by scholars. This paper analyzes the influential theory of Bi-level Representation of Chines Idioms from three parts,motivation,rationality as well as maneuverability,judging its gain and loss and proposing new opinion based on prototype theory and metaphor theory： Flexible language view and elastic method of disposition are more beneficial to solve the problem while the absolute dividing standards,which are exclusive externally and universal internally,are too ideal to exist.