刑法目的解释适用规则构建与后果考察——从语言学的进路分析

The Applicable Rules and Consequences Investigation on the Objective Interpretation of Criminal Law——From Linguistic Analysis Approach

语言学上的言语行为理论为目的解释提供了哲学支持,但理论对目的解释的语言分析层面则很少提及。刑法解释理论习惯于在解释方法位阶中探讨目的解释的价值取向,对目的解释的适用规则却鲜有提及,以至于影响到目的解释在司法实践中的具体适用,也使其在刑法解释方法位序中的地位遭遇挑战。就目的解释而言,需立足于语言学角度,根据合作原则构建目的解释的适用规则,最终将规则内涵揭示从经验理性推进到交往理性。若要保证语言学视野下目的解释的合法性,还需引入后果考察理论进行规制。

Speech Act Theory provides a full philosophical support for the objective explanation. The criminal law theory rarely mentioned the language level of analysis about the objective explanation. Theory circle used to discuss the values of objective explanation,but rarely mentioned the applicable rules of the purpose interpretation. So it affects the specific application in judicial practice,and the position is also challenged during the criminal law interpretation as well. Based on linguistic point of view,the objective explanation will eventually reveal the rule connotation from the experience rationality to the communicative rationality,by constructing the applicable rules according to principles of cooperation.