论农村承包经营户的死亡

On the Reform of Group of Land Management

农村承包经营户制度具有主体法、财产法、家庭法和社会法的四重属性,造成法律解释和适用的困境。"农村"承包经营户概念本身,就背离了城乡一体化的改革目标。农户不缴纳土地承包费,"承包"的法律规范意义丧失。农户可以不从事农业生产,"承包经营"名存实亡。随着农村由传统到现代的变迁,家庭成员的个体利益诉求日益强化,"户"的概念逐步瓦解。目前农地三权分置改革仅试图构造农户外部的土地流转法律秩序,没有关注农户内部复杂的成员关系,注定是阶段性的改革尝试。未来民法典应当抛弃农村承包经营户的概念,秉持个体主义制度构建的理念,建立具有准所有权地位的农地使用权制度和具有用益物权属性的农地经营权制度。

Group of Land Management,as the subject of Land Management Rights via Contract,stems from family law and now it is also a kind of social security. With the rapid development of the country,the appeal for family member＇s individual benefit is more intense,while the group becomes not so essential. The policy of central government is making the relationship of Land Management Rights via Contract stable,which means pay more attention to the ＂property right＂instead of ＂contract＂of Land Management Rights. Therefore,new type Agricultural Management Subjects is vitally necessary for legislative act,especially for Civil Code. For the Civil Code Amendment,the group should not be regarded as the subject of Land Management Rights via Contract but the single person.