氯胺酮对夜间睡眠影响的研究进展

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON THE EFFECT OF KETAMINE ON NOCTURNAL SLEEP

氯胺酮(Ketamine)是N-甲基-D天门冬氨酸(N-methyl-D-aspartate,NMDA)受体拮抗剂,是一种分离性麻醉剂。近年来氯胺酮被作为一种娱乐性新型毒品在世界范围内广泛滥用。越来越多的研究关注氯胺酮对人躯体及心理的作用。本文旨在综述氯胺酮长期及急性使用对夜间睡眠的影响。长期大量使用氯胺酮,可以导致睡眠障碍,主要为睡眠质量差、睡眠潜伏期延长、睡眠效率低等。而小剂量氯胺酮急性使用,可以使早期慢波睡眠活动增加及振幅增高。氯胺酮可能通过增加突触可塑性、提高BDNF水平,从而增加慢波睡眠活动。

Ketamine,an N-methyl-D-aspartate（ NMDA） receptor antagonist,is a dissociative anesthetic.Its use as a recreational drug has spread in many parts of the world during the past few years.There are now increasing concerns about the physical and psychological consequences of this drug use.The aim of this review was to survey the research literature on the effects of both chronic and acute ketamine use on nocturnal sleep.Poor sleep quality,long sleep latency and low sleep efficacy were common among ketamine dependent subjects.Acute ketamine use inceresed early night sleep slow wave activity（ SWA） and high amplitude slow waves elevates,as well as increased synaptic plasticity and brain derived neurotrophic factor（ BDNF） levels.