特异资源在苹果矮化砧木育种中的利用研究

Study Progress of the Specific Germplasm Resources in Apple Dwarf Rootstock Breeding

苹果矮化栽培是世界苹果栽培的发展趋势,矮化砧木是实现矮化栽培的主要途径,世界苹果生产发达国家非常重视矮化砧木的选育工作,并选育出M系、MM系、CG系、B系、JM系、SH系等一系列的优良矮化砧木。为提高矮化砧木的抗寒、抗病能力,许多特异的抗性资源被选作杂交亲本。本文重点介绍了抗寒、抗病、抗旱、易生根、无融合生殖等特异资源在矮化砧木遗传性状改良过程中的利用情况,以期为我国丰富的苹果属资源利用和矮化砧木育种提供借鉴。

Dwarf culture is the development trend of apple planting in the world. And using dwarf rootstock is the main way to get dwarf planting for apple. Breeding good apple dwarf rootstock was important for all apple developed country. And many dwarf rootstocks were bred, such as M series, MM series, CG series, B series, JM series, SH series, and so on. Many cold and disease resistant resources were selected as crossing parents in dwarf rootstocks breeding. In this paper, the coldresistant, disease-resistant, drought-resistant, root easier and apomixes resources being used in dwarf rootstocks breeding were summarized.