静脉和肌内注射后氟苯尼考在麻鸭体内药动学的初步研究

Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol after Intravenous and Intramuscular Administration in Partridge Ducks

试验研究了麻鸭单次静脉注射和肌内注射氟苯尼考后的药动学,给药剂量均为20 mg/kg体重。麻鸭给药后,定点采血,分离血浆,然后以高效液相色谱法测定血浆中的药物浓度,并利用房室分析法计算两种不同给药途径下氟苯尼考的药动学参数。结果显示:静脉注射氟苯尼考表观分布容积(V_β)为(8 388.45±850.43)m L/kg,消除较缓慢,消除半衰期(t_(1/2β))为(6.61±0.83)h;肌内注射氟苯尼考峰浓度(C_(max))为(1.42±0.16)μg/m L,达峰时间(t_(max))为(1.60±0.19)h,绝对生物利用度为71.59%。结果证实氟苯尼考在麻鸭体内具有优异的药动学特征,分布迅速、广泛、消除较缓慢,肌内注射吸收迅速且较完全。结合氟苯尼考对鸭疫里默氏杆菌、沙门菌及大肠杆菌的MIC数据,计算得出对如上3种细菌感染的治疗,静脉或肌内注射20 mg/kg氟苯尼考较难达到良好的治疗效果,应适当增加给药剂量。

The pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in partridge ducks were investigated after a single intravenous（IV）and intramuscular（IM）dose of 20 mg/kg body weight. The concentrations of florfenicol in plasma samples were detected by a high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by compartmental analysis. After IV administration,the volume（Vβ）of florfenicol was（8 388.45±850.43）m L/kg and it was relatively slowly eliminated with an elimination half-life（t1/2 β）of（6.61±0.83）h. Following IM administration,the peak concentration（Cmax）of florfenicol was（1.42±0.16）μg/m L at（1.60±0.19）h. The absolute bioavailability（F）of florfenicol was 71.59% after IM administration. The concentrations versus time profile exhibited its favourable pharmacokinetics characteristics in partridge ducks,such as quick,wide distribution,relatively slow elimination,and rapid and complete absorption after IM injection. According the minimum inhibitory concentrations of florfenicol against Riemerella anatipestifer,Salmonella and Escherichia coli,it was difficult to treat above infections by IV or IM administration at the dose of 20 mg/kg,and a higher dose was needed.