清代州县强盗治安案件处理程序:构成、特征与启示

The Public Security Management Procedureof County's Robber Casein the Qing Dynasty

清代州县的强盗案件严重威胁基层政权稳定,统治者为打击该类治安犯罪,一方面努力构建多层次治安防控体系,另一方面对盗案处理程序进行了周密设计,详细规定了呈报、受报、勘验、缉捕、问责、奖惩等各环节。力图通过明确程序中的责任,促使各治安主体积极发挥防范打击强盗的功能。该设计具有鲜明特点,但在实际运行中,却呈现出诸多缺陷。其设计与运行中的得失对当今的治安工作有着重要的启示作用。

In the Qing Dynasty states robber cases endangered grass-roots regime stability. On the one hand, for combating the security crime, the rulers effort to build the public security prevention and control system; on the other hand, the procedure of rigorous robbers case is designed carefully, which include reporting, receiving, survey program, detective hunting, accountability, rewards and punishment etc. The ruler cleared the responsibility of non-compliance procedure for public security body actively against the robber. The design of the programe had many features, but in actual operation, there were a lot of shortcomings. The design and operation of the procedure had important implications for today.