基于案例复盘的城市重大突发事件全过程应急管理研究--以青岛“11·22”爆炸事故为例

A Study of the Whole Process of Emergencies Management—— Based on the Case of Qingdao "11·22" Explosion

青岛"11·22"爆炸事故发生以来,中央政府和青岛市政府都采取了有力举措改善城市安全网。复盘此次事件,安全生产事故源于生产,但事故灾难却成形于社会,致灾于社会与生态环境。基于"一案三制"的分析,城市重大突发事件全过程应急管理对策应该包括以下方面:强制提高城市规划的安全域值,建立面向管理者的城市基础设施综合管理体系,建立面向公众的城市公共安全社会支持系统。有效克服突发事件非常态下可能出现的政府失灵和市场失灵,是由突发事件应对走向公共安全治理的必由之路。

Since the Qingdao ＂11 · 22＂ explosion accident, both the central government and the Qingdao municipal gov- ernment have taken powerful measures to improve the urban safety net. When we replay this incident, hidden security danger is the cause of the accident, but the disaster is formed in the community, and it destroys the social order and ecological environ- ment. Based on the rule of ＂ One case, three systems＂ , the whole process of urban major emergencies management strategies should include the following aspects： to improve the city safety threshold, to establish the comprehensive managers-oriented man- agement system, and to establish social support system to the public. Effectively overcoming the government failure and market failure in emergencies is the only way to solve emergency problems in public safety governance.