春秋时期晋国邦交钩沉

Exploration of the Diplomatic Relations of Jin During the Spring and Autumn Period

春秋时期,晋国邦交的发展过程大致可分为早、中、晚三个阶段,且各具特色。早期的邦交呈现出阶段性变化,并围绕着武力扩张这一核心展开。中期的邦交有两个显著特点:一是广泛且因国而异;二是以尊王攘夷为核心。晚期的邦交因卿族间冲突的加剧而陷入被动,接连失去盟友的晋国在邦交中逐渐被孤立,范氏、中行氏之乱则是内外矛盾的集中爆发。至韩、赵、魏三家分晋,晋国邦交已被三晋邦交所取代。

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the developmental process of Jin＇ s diplomatic relations can be roughly divided into three stages, including early stage, middle stage and late stage. The diplomatic relations of each stage is distinctive. The diplomatic relations of the early stage showed changes in phases, and developed with military expansion as its core. The diplomatic relations of the middle stage had two significant characteristics ： the first one was widely and varied from country to country, and the second one was core to the strategy of honoring the king and driving off the barbarians. The diplomatic relations in the late stage was forced into a passive position because of the anabatic conflicts among the noble officials. With gradually losing its allies, Jin had become isolated in the diplomatic relations. The rebellion caused by the clans of Fan and Zbenghang was a cen- tralized outbreak of the domestic and international contradictions. The diplomatic relations of Jin could not be replaced by the dip- lomatic relations of San Jin, until the state of Jin was divided by the three clans of Han, Zhao and Wei. The developmental histo- ry of Jin＇s diplomatic relations provided important lessons for Chinese diplomacy. First, China should give high priority to the dip- lomatic relations with the great powers. Second, China should also pay attention to the diplomatic relations with the other allies. Finally, China should find a way that is not only conforming to its own characteristics, but also can satisfy the requirements of the era to make China powerful.