孔孟“得道之乐”及其审美化意义

Confucius and Mencius' s Enjoyment of the Tao and the Aesthetization Meaning

"知""好""乐"是由低到高的三种把握道的境界。"知"是理性上、利益上对道的认同,"好"是情感上的直接认同,此二者均与道处于对象性的分离关系中。"乐"则是与道合一时产生的心理效应,故称为"得道之乐"。"得道之乐"具有此岸性、自主性,能给人带来内心的充实、和谐和安宁,是道德行为的最终理由。它可以成为道德优化或伦理生活审美化的一种途径。

＂Understanding＂, ＂loving＂ and ＂enjoying＂ are three different ways to treat the Too. ＂ Understanding＂ means approving reasoningly the Too from the interested; ＂loving＂ means approving directly emotionally the Too. In these two ways, the Too is only an outward object. However, ＂enjoying＂ means a person and the Too are blended into one. ＂Enjoying the Too＂, which possesses the temporal and autonomous qualities, can make our mind become rich, harmonious and tranquil, then, act as the final reason of moral. Moreover, it shall conduce to optimization of moral and aestheticization of the ethical life.