发酵豆粕替代部分鱼粉对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹生长性能、体成分及相关消化酶活性的影响

Effects of some fish meal replaced by fermented soybean on growth performance,body composition and digestive enzyme activities in intestine of juvenile Chinese mitten crab

为研究发酵豆粕替代部分鱼粉对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)幼蟹生长性能、体组成及相关消化酶活性的影响,本试验选用初始均重为(4.0±1.0)g的中华绒螯蟹幼蟹280只,随机分成7组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只。配制发酵豆粕替代量分别为0%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%(分别记为P0、P5、P10、P15、P20、P25、P30组)的7种等能等氮试验饲料。试验期为60 d。结果表明:发酵豆粕替代部分鱼粉能提高中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的生长性能,当发酵豆粕替代15%鱼粉时,中华绒螯蟹幼蟹的增重率(WGR)、成活率(SR)、摄食率(FI)和特定生长率(SGR)较对照组分别提高了16.54%、10.09%、11.48%和7.06%(P<0.05),饵料系数(FC)降低了6.58%(P<0.05);不同水平发酵豆粕替代鱼粉对中华绒螯蟹幼蟹全蟹蟹体、肌肉和肝胰腺的水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量均无显著影响(P>0.05);当发酵豆粕替代量小于15%时,脂肪酶、胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和活性淀粉酶活性与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05)。由本试验结果可以看出,发酵豆粕可以适量替代中华绒螯蟹配合饲料中的鱼粉,且适宜替代量为15%。

To determine the effects of fish meal replaced by fermented soybean in diets on growth performance,body composition and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Chinese mitten crabs （F, riocheir sinensis）,a total of 280 juvenile Chinese mitten crab with average body weight of （4.0±1.0）g were randomly assigned to 7 groups with 4 replicates of 10 each. Seven isonitrogenous and isocaloric experimental diets were formulated in which fermented soybean supplemental levels were 0%, 5.0%, 10.0%, 15.0%, 20.0%, 25.0% and 30.0% （named as groups PO, P5, P1 O, P15, P20, P25, P30, respectively）. The expriment lasted for 60 days.The results indicated that fermented soybean replacing appropriate amount of fish meal could promote growth performance, when the 15% of fish meal was replaced,weight gaining ratio （WGR）,survival ratio （SR）,feeding intake （FI） and special growth rate （SGR） was increased significantly by 16.54%, 10.09%, 11.48% and 7.06%, feed coefficient （FC） was decreased significantly by 6.58%, compared with control group （P 〈 0.05）.No significant differences were found among all groups in the contents of moisture,crude protein,lipid and ash （P 〉 0.05）.However,by using the appropriate replacement level ,there was no big difference between the experiment groups and the control group in digestive enzyme activities.The results obtained from the present study indicated that fish meat could be replaced by fermented soybean, and the suitable replacement amount was 15%.