社会成层视角下俄罗斯高等教育转型中的公平问题研究

Research on the Equality in the Transition of Higher Education in Russia under the Perspective of Social Stratification

俄罗斯是金砖国家的重要成员之一,其高等教育早在20世纪就已经进入普及化阶段,其国民整体素质在全世界范围内遥遥领先。但是,即使在普及率如此之高的国家,其教育不平等现象并没有随着社会的发展、教育的改革而得到消除,反而在某种程度上愈演愈烈。高等教育扩招似乎只在数量上有"显著成就",而在真正实现教育公平上仍收效甚微。社会成层是造成这种不平等现象的根源之一,是阻碍教育公平实现的最大障碍。

Russia is an important member of BRICS, and its higher education has entered the stage of popu-larization early in the last century, with the qualification of the whole nation ranking first not only among BRICSbut also around the world. However, even in a country with such high popularization, its educational inequalitydid not get removed with the social development and education reform, but became more violent to some degree.Expansion of higher education seems to be only ＂remarkable＂ on the quantity, but still has little effect on thetruly fair education. Social stratification is one of the root causes of this inequality, and is the largest obstacle im-peding the realization of educational equity.