找回农村教学点的必要性与可行性——基于全国九省(区)教师和家长的调查

Analysis on the Necessity and Feasibility for Retrieving Rural Teaching Points in the Post School-mapping Era——Based on the Survey in Rural Areas of Nine Provinces in China

找回农村教学点并不是对农村中小学布局调整政策的背离,而是本着实事求是的原则恢复本该保留但却已被撤并的教学点,其实质是对该政策前期工作偏差的一种补救。找回必要的农村教学点既可以充分利用当地原有闲置的校舍和校产,用相对较小的新增经济代价有效解决农村偏远地区和弱势受教育群体的上学远、上学难和上学贵等问题,是农村中小学布局调整政策纠偏补弱、促进教育底线公平的必要手段,也是回应广大人民群众合理呼声的需要。找回农村教学点必须满足四个条件:政策允许、校舍可用、师资充足、办学经费有保障。找回农村教学点是有条件和限度的,并非所有曾经存在的教学点都有必要找回来。科学定位并营造良好的外部政策环境,采取多种举措提高教育质量是确保已经找回的农村教学点生存和持续发展的基础。

Retrieving rural teaching points is to rebuilt some primary-secondary teaching points which should be reserved but have removed or merged during the school-mapping period.The essential of this manner is to rectify preliminary errors according to the principle of seeking truth from facts.By retrieving the necessary teaching points the deserted school buildings and school property can be made full use,and the education problems such as,long distance between schools and families,difficulties in traveling from families to schools,and expensive educational fee for vulnerable groups in remote areas can also be solved effectively at the cost of a relatively less added economic investment.It is an essential means to promote the education equity in rural areas in China,which comforms to the demands of the public.There are four necessary requirements in retrieving rural teaching points：the permission of policy,available school buildings,sufficient teachers,financal support.Retrieving teaching points is not to retrive all the ever existed teaching points.To ensure the basic survival and sustainable development of the retrieved teaching points,various measures should be taken to improve the quality of education in rural schools.