腹腔微环境在子宫内膜异位症中的作用

子宫内膜异位症（endometriosis，EM，简称内异症）是子宫内膜组织（腺体和间质）出现在子宫体以外的部位，随卵巢功能周期性改变而出血。6％-10％生育期年龄女性受其困扰，其中粘连是内异症重要特征，临床主要表现为慢性盆腔痛、痛经、性交困难以及不孕等，严重影响患者生活质量。EM绝大多数位于盆腔脏器和腹膜，其发生、发展不仅与腹膜间皮细胞的完整性有关，与其所处的腹腔微环境中细胞因子、炎性反应、上皮间叶细胞转化、腹膜免疫清除功能下降等亦密切相关，上述过程为异位子宫内膜提供了潜在的植入机会，本文对近年来国内外开展腹腔微环境与EM相关性的研究进行述评。

Endometriosis is defined by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uteru .6%to 10%women in reproductive age are affected by endometriosis , and is associated with chronic pelvic pain , dysmenorrhoea , dyspareunia and infertility .The phenotype of the pelvic peritoneum in women with endometriosis is reported to be altered and there is increasing evidence that the abdominal microenviron-ment may also play a role in the establishment and maintenance of the disease , including mesothelial cell adhesion molecules , inflammatory reaction , Epithelialto-mesenchymal transition of peritoneal mesothelial cells.Peritoneal immune scavenging function may lead to endometriosis to become established .