宁波市居民发生中暑危险因素分析

Analysis on risk factors of heat stroke among residents in Ningbo

目的分析宁波市居民中暑的危险因素,为预防中暑提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,在2宁波市个县市区随机抽取2个乡镇,每个乡（镇）随机抽取2个居委会（村）,每个居委会（村）随机抽取120户,以户为单位,于2014年9~11月开展调查。采用logistic回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析。结果单因素logistic回归分析显示职业、文化水平、月收入水平、吸烟状态、饮酒状态、体质指数和消化系统疾病史等7个变量进入模型。多因素logistic回归分析发现,工人农民[OR=2.19,95%CI（1.37~3.51）]、离退休者[OR=2.00,95%CI（1.13~3.54）]、饮酒[OR=1.83,95%CI（1.30~2.57）]以及消化系统疾病史[OR=2.06,95%CI（1.08~3.91）]是中暑的危险因素。有消化系统疾病史并且饮酒的人群中暑危险性明显高于不饮酒无消化系统疾病史的人群[OR=3.96,95%CI（1.58~9.94）]。结论宁波市居民中工人农民、离退休者、饮酒以及有消化系统疾病史等人群是中暑的易感人群,在预防中暑时,应该加以重点保护。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of heat stroke among urban residents in Ningbo, and to pro- vide scientific basis for heat stroke prevention. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select a total of 480 households from 2 communities in two counties and a survey was conducted from September to November, 2014. Logistic regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis. Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that occupation, education, income, smoking, drink- ing, BMI and history ot： digestive system disease were 7 variants identified in the model. Multi-variate logistic regression analysis revealed that factor as workers and farmers （OR：2.19, 95%CI： 1.37-3.51）, retired residents （OR：2.00, 95%CI： 1.13~3.54）, drinking （0R：1.83, 95%CI： 1.30-2.57）, and history of digestive system disease （OR ： 2.06, 95 % CI： 1.08 ~ 3.91） were closely related to heat stroke. The risk of heat stroke of residents with history of digestive system disease and drinking was significantly higher compared to those who had no history of digestive system disease and did not drink （OR： 3.96, 95 %CI：1.58~ 9.94）. Conclusions Workers and farmers, retired residents and residents with drinking and history of digestive dis- ease are more likely to suffer heat stroke.