北京市东城区蝇类优势种群密度消长与相关疾病关系的研究

The relationship between density fluctuation of dominant population of flies and related diseases in Dongcheng of Beijing

目的掌握北京市东城区蝇类优势种群及其消长情况,分析蝇传疾病与蝇类的关系,为控制蝇类孳生,防治肠道传染病提供依据。方法每年4~10月用捕蝇笼法,对东城区7个监测点进行蝇密度监测,将捕获的蝇带回实验室分类、鉴定。分析2010-2013年的优势蝇种及消长情况;收集东城区2010-2013年蝇传疾病发病资料,用相关分析方法分析蝇密度消长与传染病的相关关系,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果东城区以麻蝇（67.91%）、大头金蝇（8.11%）、厩腐蝇（8.10%）、丝光绿蝇（6.88%）和家蝇（6.77%）为优势蝇种;7~8月蝇密度达高峰,历年最高密度分别为18.00只/（笼·d）、16.47只/（笼·d）、25.77只/（笼·d）和24.47只/（笼·d）。肠道传染病发病率在7~8月呈高峰,占辖区传染病发病首位。蝇类密度季节消长与细菌性痢疾（r=0.906,P〈0.01）;其他感染性腹泻（r=0.931,P〈0.01）及手足口病（r=0.819,P〈0.05）发病呈相关性。结论北京市东城区蝇种繁多且密度较高,主要肠道传染病的发病与蝇类密度有相关性,因此定期适时开展灭蝇工作,可降低细菌性痢疾等肠道传染病发病率。

Objective To discuss the relationship between density fluctuation of dominant population of flies and related diseases. Methods Flies were captured using fly catching cage from April to October annually during 2010 to 2013 in Dongcheng district of Beijing to monitor the density, and were brought back to lab for the classification and identification. Data of fly related diseases were also collected. Results The dominant species of flies were found to be flesh fly （67.91%）, bulk gold fly （8.11%）, stables rotting fly （8. 10%）, mercerizing green flies （6. 880/{） and houseflies （6.77%） . The highest fly density was in July and August with 18.00, 16.47, 25.77 and 24.47 flies per cage per day from 2010 to 2013. The highest incidence of intesti- nal infectious diseases was also in July and August. The seasonal density of flies was correlated to bacterial dys- entery （r=0. 906, P〈0. 01）, other infectious diarrhea （r=0. 931, P〈0. 01） and hand, foot and mouth dis- ease （r=0. 819, P〈0.05）. Conclusions There are so many fly species in Dongcheng district of Beijing and the fly density is high, which is closely related to major intestinal infectious diseases. Therefore, fly control is very important for the drop of related infectious diseases.