高分子表面活性剂(Ⅱ):合成方法(待续)

Polymeric surfactants(Ⅱ):synthetic methods

1.4聚乙二醇/聚氧乙烯嵌段基于聚氧乙烯（PEO）的两亲性共聚物代表了迄今为止研究最早且研究最多的高分子表面活性剂,不同组成和不同分子量的PEO和PPO的二、三嵌段共聚物已经作为工业表面活性剂出现在市场上很长一段时间了（如BASF生产的Pluronic）,过去的二十年出现了一些关于它们性质的综述^（[5,6,8,9,21-23,105]）。PEG/PEO聚合物主要通过2种方法合成：乙二醇（EG）的缩合或环氧乙烷开环阴离子聚合。

The synthetic methods used to prepare polymeric surfactants have been reviewed. The most used strategies for the synthesis of amphiphilic copolymers, depending on the nature of the hydrophilic part, are discussed and compared, including controlled living radical polymerization methods(such as atom transfer radical polymerization, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, nitroxide-mediated polymerization and group transfer polymerization), ionic living polymerization(especially anionic), and conventional free-radical polymerizations.