中等强度有氧运动改善运动中心血管风险的研究

Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise Improves Cardiovascular Risks in Exercise

目的：本研究旨在观察3个月50%~60%VO2max强度有氧运动对50~59岁人群运动中心血管风险的影响,为该人群安全有效健身方案提供科学指导。方法：问卷调查入选的50~59岁受试者通过在Bruce递增负荷实验中持续出现心电血压异常指征终止实验和一过性心电血压异常,入选66例受试者并将其分为正常组（C组）、持续异常组（Y组）及一过性异常组（YH组）,实施3个月的50%~60%VO2max强度每周300 min的规律跑步运动,干预前后测定人体测量学、生理生化、超声检查和递增负荷实验中相关指标,并评估变化。结果：3个月干预后Y组男性和女性的心电血压异常发生率降低至69.2%和58.3%,YH组男性和女性心电血压异常发生率降低至25%和75%。同时发现,干预后Y组及YH组受试者运动后心肌酶水平均显著下降,完成的运动负荷显著提高,心血管机能、形态学指标、血脂及自主神经功能显著改善。结论：50~59岁人群递增负荷运动中可出现心血管风险,为期3个月的50%~60%VO2max强度跑步运动可降低风险者其运动中心血管风险,提高安全运动上限。

The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of 3-month 50% ~ 60% VO2maxaerobic exercise on cardiovascular risks during exercise in 50 ~ 59 years old people,for providing effective and safe exercise program for these people. Methods： Sixty-six 50 ~ 59 years old people was recruited by questionnaire,and were divided into normal group（ C group）,abnormal group（ Y group） and transient abnormal group（ YH group） based on if they has abnormal changes in electrocardiogram or blood pressure during Bruce graded exercise tests. All people participated in 3-month 50% ~ 60% VO2maxaerobic exercise,300 min / week. The anthropometric indices,physiological and biochemical indices,ultrasonic examination and other indices in exercise test were measured and analyzed. Results： After intervention,the incidence of the abnormal change of electrocardiogram or blood pressure in Y group decreased to 69. 2% and 58. 3% in men and women respectively,and those in YH group decreased to25% and 75% in men and women. Myocardial enzyme in both Y and YH groups decreased after intervention. The completed exercise load was increased after the intervention,and the anthropometric indices,carodiovascular function,blood lipids and autonomic nervous function were improved. Conclusion： There are some cardiovascular risks existed in graded exercise tests in 50 ~ 59 years old people. Three-month 50% ~ 60% VO2maxrunning can reduce cardiovascular risk and improve exercise safety for people with cardiovascular risk.