血液科患者医院感染分析与护理干预

Monitoring and Nursing Intervention for Nosocomial Infection in Department of Hematology

目的了解血液科患者医院感染特点,为采取护理措施降低血液科患者医院感染率和提高患者生活质量提供依据。方法回顾性统计了湖北省2014年32所医院的血液科患者医院感染现患率调查资料。结果调查血液科住院患者1465人,其中有感染患者413人,120人的125例次感染为医院获得性感染,293人的感染为社区获得性感染,血液科患者感染现患率为28.19%,医院感染现患率为8.19%,医院例次感染率为8.53%,社区感染率为20.00%;医院感染部位主要为下呼吸道感染,其次为上呼吸道和血液系统感染。结论血液科为医院感染的高危病区,血液病患者为医院感染的高危人群,呼吸系统和血液系统感染为血液科患者医院感染的高发部位;严格落实血液病区环境管理、患者保护性隔离、亲属探视、诊疗器械用物的消毒灭菌、提高患者自身免疫力和抗感染能力非常必要。

Objective To understand nosocomial infection characteristics in Department of Hematology,so as to provide the evidences for taking nursing measures to reduce the nosocomial infection rate and to improve the life quality of patients in Department of Hematology.Methods The survey data of nosocomial infection prevalence in Department of Hematology in 32 hospitals in our province in 2014 was analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 1465 inpatients were investigated,there were 413 inpatients with infection,including 120 inpatients with hospital acquired infection in 125 cases of infection,and 293 inpatients with community acquired infection,infection prevalence in department of hematology was 28. 19%,the nosocomial infection prevalence was 8. 19%,the rate of case infection was 8. 53%,the rate of community infection was 20. 00%; nosocomial infection occurred mainly in lower respiratory tract,followed by upper respiratory tract and hematological system. Conclusion Department of Hematology were high risk area for nosocomial infections,patients with hematologic diseases were high risk populations,the respiratory system and the hematological system were high incidence area of nosocomial infection for inpatients in Department of Hematology,it is the foundation and guarantee of raising patients immunity and anti- infection ability that strict implementation of nursing measures such as environmental management in hematological ward,case isolation,relatives visitation,the disinfection and sterilization of medical instruments and its effect monitoring system,health education for patients,strengthening nutrition and diet for patients.