影响产褥期妇女心理健康状况的因素及治疗对策研究

The research and treatment of factors affecting the psychological health of womeninpuerperium

目的探究影响产褥期妇女心理健康状况的因素及治疗对策。方法选取2013年1月~2015年1月我院收治的100例产褥期妇女为研究对象。采用随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,各50例。对照组实施常规治疗,研究组在此基础上强化心理治疗,包括认知疗法、音乐疗法和松弛疗法。干预前后应用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）对患者进行评估。采用单因素和多因素分析法,对影响产褥期妇女心理健康的因素进行分析。结果单因素分析结果显示：年龄、胎次、怀孕原因、夫妻感情、照顾类型、新生儿生长发育与产褥期妇女的心理健康有着显著的关系。多元Logistic分析显示,产妇高龄、非第一胎、夫妻感情一般、丈夫及男方家人照顾及新生儿生长发育不良是本次研究的危险因素。两组患者在入院时SAS和SDS评分差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,出院时,两组SAS和SDS评分均低于入院时,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。而研究组患者SAS和SDS评分显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论产褥期妇女高龄、非第一胎、夫妻感情一般、丈夫及男方家人照顾及新生儿生长发育不良是影响产褥期妇女心理健康的主要危险因素。强化心理护理可明显改善产褥期妇女的负性情绪,促进患者的心理健康。

Objective To study the factors and treatment measures of puerperal women＇s mental health effects. Methods 100 cases of puerperal women as the research object were selected during January 2013 ~ 2015 year in January in our hospital. Randomly 100 patients were divided into observation group and control group,50 cases in each. The control group was treated with conventional therapy,and the study group was treated with psychological treatment,including cognitive therapy,music therapy and relaxation therapy. Self rating Anxiety Scale（ SAS） and self rating Depression Scale（ SDS） were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression in the two groups.By single factor and multi factor analysis method,the influence factors of the psychological health of puerperal women. Results single factor analysis showed that age,parity,pregnancy causes,feeling of husband and wife,type of care,neonatal growth and development and in puerperal women＇s psychological health has a significant relationship. Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that maternal age,the first child,husband and wife,husband and wife,husband and family care and neonatal growth and development is a risk factor for this study. There was no significant difference in SDS and SAS scores between the two groups（ P〉0. 05）,the two groups were lower than those of the SAS and SDS scores at discharge,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. The SAS and SDS score in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Postpartum women aged and non first child,the general feelings of the husband and wife,husband and husband family care and neonatal growth dysplasia is main risk factors affecting the puerperal women＇s mental health. The negative emotion of strengthening psychological nursing can obviously improve the puerperal women,promote patients＇ mental health.