自创封闭穿刺技术应用于骨肿瘤诊断的动物实验研究

Application of home-made puncture technique for diagnosis of bone tumor in animal models

目的探讨自创封闭穿刺技术在诊断骨肿瘤中的应用价值。方法用30只雄性新西兰大白兔建立兔VX2骨肿瘤动物模型,将其随机分成VX2实验组与VX2对照组各15只,VX2实验组采用自制封闭穿刺装置进行肿瘤部位的穿刺活组织检查(活检),穿刺后封堵骨孔;对照组则采用传统穿刺活检装置,穿刺后未封堵骨孔。采用彩色多普勒超声检查(彩超)及病理学检查对2组穿刺效果进行评估与比较。结果穿刺1 h后,彩超显示VX2实验组封闭栓均无脱落,其中2只(13.3%)穿刺孔出血,形成血肿,其余13只穿刺孔周围无明显液体渗出;VX2对照组14只(93.3%)穿刺孔有出血,形成血肿,剩余1只无明显出血,2组出血率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。VX2实验组穿刺针道软组织中未发现瘤细胞,而VX2对照组有14只(93.3%)发现瘤细胞,2组肿瘤细胞扩散率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论该自创封闭穿刺技术安全、并发症少,可应用于骨肿瘤的诊断。

Objective To investigate the application value of home-made puncture technique in the diagnosis of bone tumors in rabbit models. Methods Thirty New Zealand male rabbits were used to establish VX2 bone tumor models and randomly divided into the experimental（ n = 15） and control groups（ n = 15）. In the experimental group,puncture biopsy was performed by a home-made puncture device and the bone holes were occluded subsequently. In the control group,puncture biopsy was conducted by using a conventional puncture device whereas the holes were left open. The puncture effect was evaluated and statistically compared between two groups by color Doppler Ultrasound and pathological examination. Results At 1 h after puncture,color ultrasound revealed no signs of device separation. Hemorrhage and hematoma were observed around the puncture hole in 2 animals（ 13. 3%） and no apparent fluid effusion was detected in the remaining 13 in the experimental group,significantly different from those in the control group,14 animals（ 93. 3%） had hemorrhage and hematoma surrounding the puncture hole and the other 1 had no evident hemorrhage（ P〈0. 001）. In the experimental group,no tumor cells were detected in the soft tissue of puncture tract whereas 14 animals（ 93. 3%） in the control group,the dissemination rate of tumor cells significantly differed between two groups（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusions Home-made puncture technique is a safe diagnostic tool of bone tumors and yields slight complications.