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犊牛营养与管理对其终生生产性能的影响 被引量:17

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摘要 犊牛在断奶前阶段的生长发育会发生显著变化,这一过程直接关系到犊牛在未来第一个以及随后泌乳期的生产性能。断奶前犊牛的生长速度和基础蛋白质沉积可能是提高终生产奶量的关键因素,任何影响犊牛断奶前采食量和生长速度的因素都会影响产奶量。在营养供给方面,能量和蛋白质都很重要,尤其是蛋白质的品质和可消化性。在断奶之前,液体饲料更能提高犊牛的潜在生产性能。除了初乳中免疫球蛋白之外,还有一些因素能够影响犊牛的采食量、饲料效率和生长发育状况,并且可以改善早期的营养状况对后期的影响。营养师需要讨论代谢能、蛋白摄入量以及与维持有关的状况,而不是讨论干物质、牛奶、代乳粉等具体数量。犊牛有其自身独特的营养需要,这与测定的干物质和液体饲料体积无关。犊牛人工饲养比其自然生长的效果好。断奶前阶段可以通过改善犊牛的生长性能来发挥其遗传潜能。
出处 《中国奶牛》 2016年第2期45-50,共6页 China Dairy Cattle
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