基于元分析的我国空巢老年人生活质量及其影响因素研究

The Quality of Life of Empty Nest Elderly in China and Its Influencing Factors: Based on a Meta-Analysis

为了对我国空巢老年人的生活质量及其影响因素进行系统性评价,采用元分析方法,对发表于2008-2015年的19篇采用SF-36简明健康状况调查表数据的文献进行分析。结果表明:我国空巢老年人的生活质量严重低于全国常模水平;与非空巢老年人相比,空巢老年人在社会功能、情感角色和心理健康三个维度显著低于非空巢老年人,其生活质量低于后者,但是整体的差异不大;男性老年人在躯体角色和情感角色两个维度高于女性老年人;年龄、文化水平、婚姻状况、经济状况、与子女关系和体育锻炼等因素,对空巢老年人的生活质量有一定影响;社会支持对空巢老年人生活质量有着较好的正向预测作用。由于纳入研究的文献不存在发表偏倚性,本结果具有稳健性。

This meta-analysis aimed to systematically assess the quality of life of empty nester in China. Publications used short form 36 health survey（SF-36） between 2008 and 2015 were reviewed. The results showed that the status of empty nester life quality was severely lower than the national norm. The social functioning, role limitations and mental health of empty nesters were worse than non-empty nest counterparts. Qualities of life were disproportionately affected by the gender, age, income, marital status, relationships with their children, education background and physical exercise. There were remarkable positive correlations with social support and quality of life. No publication bias was found in the study and the results were robust.