深圳市急性呼吸道感染住院和门诊病例的流感流行特征分析

Analysis of epidemiology characteristics of influenza in inpatients and outpatients with acute respiratory infection in Shenzhen

目的比较急性呼吸道感染住院和门诊病例的流感流行特征。方法在深圳市2家国家级流感哨点医院收集急性呼吸道感染住院病例、门诊流感样病例和病原学检测数据进行分析。结果 2家医院在2013年12月-2014年4月,共监测192例急性呼吸道感染住院病例,经检测35例（18.2%）流感阳性;共采集823份门诊流感样病例的咽拭子标本,经检测181份（22.0%）流感阳性。门诊病例的流感病毒检出率女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。5岁~14岁年龄组的流感病毒检出率在住院和门诊病例中均为最高,分别为31.2%和40.7%。住院和门诊病例的流感病毒检出率均在1月-2月达到最高。结论急性呼吸道感染住院和门诊病例的流感流行特征基本相同,门诊病例的流感感染率略高于住院病例,女性流感感染率高于男性,性别差异在门诊病例中更明显,5岁~14岁年龄组儿童的流感感染率最高。

Objective To compare influenza epidemiological characteristics between inpatients and outpatients with acute re- spiratory infection. Methods To collect the data of inpatients and outpatients with acute respiratory infection from class two national influenza sentinel hospitals in Shenzhen as well as the pathological test data. Results Of 192 inpatients with acute respiratory infection identified from December 2013 to April 2014, 35 （ 18.2% ） inpatients were tested positive for influenza. Of 823 sampled outpatients with influenzalike illness, 181 （22.0%） outpatients were tested positive for influenza. Influenza infection rates in female were higher than male in outpatients, and the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0. 05）. The influenza infection rates in age group of 5 -14 were the highest, respectively 31.2% and 40.7% for inpatients and outpatients. The influenza infection rates from January to February were the greatest for both inpatients and outpatients, compared to other months. Conclusion The influenza epidemiology characteristics were similar between inpatients and outpatients with acute respiratory infection, but with greater influenza infection rate in outpatients than outpatients, female than male, with more significant gender difference in outpatients; the highest influenza infection rate was with 5 - 14 years old children.