医务人员血源性职业暴露伤调查分析

Investigation and analysis of medical staff with hematogenous occupational exposure injury

目的通过对医务人员发生的血源性职业暴露伤情况进行统计,探讨相关因素并制定相应的防护对策。方法采用回顾性分析法选择2012年1月-2014年12月在本院登记的发生血源性职业暴露伤的医务人员70例,对其人群分布、工龄、暴露源血源传播性疾病分布、血源性职业暴露医务人员乙型肝炎疫苗接种情况进行统计分析。结果70例医务人员职业暴露人群主要为护士(64.3%)和医生(22.9%);工龄≤5年的人数最多,占51.4%;暴露源乙型肝炎病毒居首位,占48.6%;血源性职业暴露医务人员乙型肝炎疫苗未接种占30.0%。结论应加强高风险医务人员的职业安全培训,规范操作流程;对新入职人员免费乙型肝炎疫苗接种,提高疫苗接种率;定期检测乙型肝炎病毒抗体滴度,及时强化免疫,降低乙肝病毒感染的危险。

Objective To discuss related factors and formulate relevant protection by censusing medical staff with hematogenous occupational exposure injury. Methods A total of 70 medical staff with hematogenous occupational exposure injury registered in our hospital from Janaury 2012 to December 2014 occupational distribution, working years, distribution of the sources diseases, medical staff with hematogenous occupational exposure＇s hepatitis B vaccination were retrospectively investigated. Results The occupations included nurses 64.3% and doctors 22.9% ; working years less than 5 years was at most, accounting for 51. 4% ; the most exposure source was hepatitis B virus, accounting for 48.6% ; medical staff with hematogenous occupational exposure without hepatitis B vaccination was 30.0%. Conclusion It＇ s necessary to enhance occupational safety training for high-risk medical staff, standardize operation process; free for new recruits of hepatitis B vaccination to increase vaccination rate; testing concentration of HBsAg periodically; getting supplementary immunization timely to reduce the danger of infection of hepatitis B.