陕西省面制食品中铝污染监测及膳食暴露量评估

Monitoring aluminum pollution and assessment of dietary exposure in flour food of Shaanxi province

目的了解陕西省面制食品中铝的污染现状,为监管部门制定控制污染的措施提供科学依据。方法 2008年-2012年在陕西省10个地市随机采集587份样品,按照GB/T 5009.182—2003检测。按照GB 2760—2011和单因子污染指数对结果进行评价。结合食物消费数据对铝的摄入量进行初步的膳食暴露评估。结果陕西省面制食品5年铝的含量均值为48.6 mg/kg,平均超标率为12.4%,平均污染指数为0.49。不同种类面制食品铝污染状况不同,油饼、油条污染最严重。总体污染趋势从2008年-2011年逐年上升,2012年有所下降。陕西省每人每周从面制食品中摄入铝的平均量为1.86 mg/(kg·bw),与PTWI的比值为0.93。结论陕西省面制食品中铝的含量符合标准,可以安全食用;人群铝暴露量接近甚至超过PTWI值,具有较高健康风险,建议相关部门加强监管。

Objective In order to investigate the situation of flour products pollution of aluminum in Shaanxi province,to provide basic and scientific evidence for regulators to install pollution control measures. Methods 587 samples of flour products were randomly collected in 10 prefecture- level cities of Shaanxi province. And aluminum content of food was determined according to GB / T 5009. 182—2003. Besides,GB 2760—2011 and one- factor pollution index were used to evaluate the monitoring results. Surveillance on the content of aluminum in flour food combined with a survey on dietary nutrients intake of Shaanxi residents was assessed preliminarily. Results The average content of aluminum of flour food in Shaanxi during the last five years was 48. 6 mg / kg,the average violation rate was 12. 4%,and the average pollution index was 0. 49. Different kinds of flour food had different conditions of aluminum pollution,and among them,there was serious pollution in fried dough sticks and fried dough cakes. In general,the tendency for aluminum pollution was on rise year by year from 2008 to 2011,while the contamination of aluminum went down in 2012. The average dietary aluminum exposure of Shaanxi residents per week were estimated to be 1. 86 mg /（ kg·bw）,and the ratio of PTWI was 0. 93. Conclusion The content of aluminum in flour food was in accord with national food safety standards and it＇s safe to eat. The level of dietary aluminum exposure in Shaanxi residents was close to or even higher than PTWI. There was healthy risk,so it was suggested that related department should enhance supervision.