阅读知觉广度内中文词汇的视觉信息提取：眼动研究证据

The Visual Coding of Words in Perceptual Span in Chinese Reading:Evidences from Eye Movements

采用消失文本范式,通过两项实验考察中文阅读中词n-1、词n、词n+1和词n+2的视觉信息提取过程。除正常呈现句子的控制条件外,两项实验都还包含4种消失条件(词n-1消失、词n消失、词n+1消失和词n+2消失)。实验一将各消失条件的延迟时间设为0ms,结果发现词n-1消失、词n消失和词n+1消失都影响词汇加工和阅读理解;词n+2消失则只影响眼动过程。实验二将各消失条件的延迟时间设为50ms,结果发现词n-1消失、词n消失和词n+1消失都不再影响词汇加工和阅读理解;相对于实验一词n+2消失条件对眼动过程的影响模式发生变化。综合两项实验结果可知:中文读者的阅读知觉广度包含3个双字词词汇(词n-1、词n和词n+1),对这些词汇进行识别所需的呈现时间没有差异;中文读者不能识别词n+2,但其视觉信息能够引导眼跳过程。

With disappearing text paradigm,two experiments were conducted to explore the importance of visual encoding on Word n- 1 to n ＋ 2 when reading Chinese. There were four disappearing treatments（ Word n- 1 disappearance,Word n disappearance,Word n＋ 1 disappearance and Word n ＋ 2 disappearance）and a control in both experiments. The delay time of disappearing treatments was set to 0 ms in Experiment 1. The results showed that the immediate disappearance of Word n- 1,n,or n ＋ 1 greatly interrupted reading,and the disappearance of Word n ＋ 2 affected the eye movements. However,when the delay time of disappearing treatments was adjusted to 50 ms in Experiment 2,all of the disappearance conditions did not interrupt reading,and disappearance of Word n ＋ 2 resulted in a different pattern of eye movements from Experiment 1. The present study revealed that the perceptual span in Chinese reading was three two- word phrases（ Word n- 1,n and n ＋1）,and the display time of these phrases needed for the visual coding of them was not different. Chinese readers cannot recognize Word n ＋ 2,but the relevant visual information of Word n ＋ 2 can guide their eye movements.