高压氧对微波辐射致大鼠脑损伤的保护作用研究

Protective effects of hyperbaric oxygen on the brain damage induced by microwave radiation in rats

目的：探讨高压氧（ HBO）对微波辐射致大鼠脑损伤的保护作用。方法采用300W／m^2微波辐射Wistar大鼠，并于辐射后次日给予0．16 MPa HBO治疗，1次／d，连续14 d。采用Morris水迷宫检测大鼠学习和记忆能力；光镜观察海马神经元组织学结构；酶联免疫法测定大鼠脑组织Na^＋－K^＋－ATP酶和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性。结果300W／m^2微波辐射后7d内，大鼠的学习记忆能力降低，差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）；海马神经元胞核固缩、深染，并呈进行性加重；治疗组大鼠学习记忆能力及海马神经元明显好转，与正常对照组相似。辐射后7 d和14 d，大鼠脑组织Na^＋－K^＋－ATP酶活性[（8．37±2．14）、（9．07±0．76）mmol／g·h]降低，LDH活性升高[（1099．70±216．15）、（1159．70±200．35） U／g]，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；治疗组与辐射组对比，辐射后7 d，LDH活性明显下降[（822．61±103．99） U／g比（1099．70±216．15） U／g]，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）；辐射后14 d， Na^＋－K^＋－ATP酶活性明显上升[（13．89±2．75） mmol／g·h比（9．07±0．76） mmol／g·h]，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论300W／m2微波辐射可损伤大鼠学习记忆能力和海马结构，造成脑组织能量代谢紊乱；HBO治疗对微波辐射所致的大鼠脑损伤具有保护作用。

Objective To investigate the protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen （ HBO） on the brain damage induced by microwave radiation in rats .Methods The Wistar rats were exposed to microwave radiation at 30mW/cm^2 and treated with HBO （1.6ATA） the next day after radiation, once a day, for a succession of 14 days.The abilities of learning and memory of rats were detected by Morris water maze , the changes in the histological structure of neurons in the hippocampus were observed under light microscopy .The Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase and lactate dehydrogenase （ LDH） activities in cerebral tissues were detected by enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay （ ELISA ） .Results Seven days after exposure to microwave at 300 W/m2 , the learning and memory abilities of the rats were decreased , with statistical significance （P〈0.05）.Pycnosis and nuclear hyperchromatism were seen in the neurons of hippocampus , with progressively aggravation , while the learning and memory abilities of the rats , as well as the neurons of the hippocampus in the treatment group were significantly improved , which was identical to those of the normal control group .Seven and 14 days after exposure to mircrowave radiation , the Na ＋-K^＋-ATPase activities were decreased and LDH activities were increased, also with statistical significance （P 〈0.05）.Seven days after exposure, LDH activities were＆amp;nbsp;significantly decreased [（822.61 ±103.99） U/g vs （1 099.70 ±216.15）U/g], with statistical significance, when the treatment group was compared with the radiation group （P〈0.05）.Fourteen days after exposure, Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activities were significantly increased [（13.89 ±2.75） mmol/g·h vs （9.07 ±0.76） mmol/g·h] , also with statistical significance （P〈0.05）.Conclusions Radiation at a dosage of 30mW/cm^2 could decline the abilities of learning and memory and bring about damage to the structure of hippocampus , resulting in energy metabolism disorder of the cerebral tissue .HBO treatment seemed to have a protective effect on the brain damage induced by microwave radiation .