凭祥铁路口岸医学媒介生物本底调查

Investigation on medical vectors at Pingxiang railway port

目的掌握凭祥铁路口岸医学媒介生物本底情况,为开展媒介生物控制工作和制定有效的防治措施提供科学依据。方法 2014年5月—2015年4月采用鼠笼法进行鼠类调查,同时进行寄生蚤、螨、蜱调查;成蚊采用诱蚊器收集法,幼虫采用勺捞法和伊蚊集卵器调查法;游离蜱采用人工小时布旗法。结果本次调查共捕获鼠类54只,经分类鉴定隶属于1科1属2种,褐家鼠为优势种;鼠密度1.501%;鼠类寄生蚤22只,寄生蜱1只,寄生螨32只。捕获成蚊375只,经分类鉴定隶属于1科3属4种,致倦库蚊为优势种。幼虫169只,平均密度1.45条/100ml。结论凭祥铁路口岸鼠类和蚊类幼虫密度超过国家标准,应采取措施加强灭蚊、灭鼠工作。指导相关部门做好综合防治工作,加强监测,做好环境治理,把媒介生物密度控制在口岸标准范围内。

Objective To understand the background of medical vector at Pingxiang Railway Port, and to provide scientific basis for establishment of effective measures of prevention and controlling vectoes. Methods The cage ensnarement and spring clip methods were used to investigate the kinds of mouse and their habitats during May2014 to April 2015. Meanwhile, the epizoa such as flea, mite, tick were investigated. Monitoring mosquitoes used the mosquito magnet and mosq-ovtrap. Free ticks were collected by dragging a blanket over the vegetation on.Results Rattus norvegicus was the domninant population.The annual average mice density was 1.501%,22 flesas,1tick and 32 mites were found on rats. 375 mosquitoes were captured, belonging to 1 family 3 genus 4 species.Culex pipiens fatigans was the domninant population. 169 little mosquitoes were captured, The annual average density was 1.45 in 100 milliliters. Conclusion The average density of rodent, mosquitoes exceed the national standards, so it is important to strengthen prevention and control of the medical vector.