额尔齐斯河鳅科鱼类寄生虫分类研究及流行特点分析

Parasite Classification and Epidemic Characteristics of Cobitidae in Irtysh River,Xinjiang

针对额尔齐斯河(中国段)鳅科鱼类寄生虫区系和感染情况进行调查。共剖检鳅科鱼类4种175尾:北方须鳅(Barbatula barbatula nuda)、新疆高原鳅(Triphophysa strauchii)、小体高原鳅(Triplophysa minuta)和北方花鳅(Cobitis granoei),发现寄生虫8种,分别是筒形杯体虫(Apiosoma cylindriformis)、车轮虫(Trichodinasp.)、指环虫(Dactylogyrus sp.)、默氏复口吸虫(Diplostomum mergi)、舌状绦虫(Ligula sp.)、毛细线虫(Capillaria sp.)、福海泡吻棘头虫(Pomphorhynchus fuhaisis)和鲤锚头鳋(Lernaea cyprinacea),隶属于5门、6纲、7目、8科、8属。其中,默氏复口吸虫为额尔齐斯河鳅科鱼类优势虫种,感染小体高原鳅、北方花鳅和新疆高原鳅3种鱼类,且感染率均在60%以上;4种鳅科鱼类中,新疆高原鳅感染寄生虫种类最多,共有8种;北方须鳅未发现寄生虫感染。

The area of parasite fish Cobitidae in Irtysh River,Xinjiang and its infection circumstances were investigated.Total of 175 fish from 4species were dissected and examined,including Barbatula barbatula nuda,Triphophysa strauchii,Triplophysa minuta and Cobitis granoei.Eight species of parasites were found as follows：Apiosoma cylindriformis,Trichodinasp.,Dactylogyrus sp.,Diplostomum mergi,Ligulasp.,Capillariasp.,Pomphorhynchus fuhaisis and Lernaea cyprinacea,which were subordinate to 5genera,6families,7orders,8classes,8phyla,among which Diplostomum mergi were the dominant species in the parasite community from Cohilidae species in Irtysh River,Xinjiang.T.minuta,Cobitis granoei and Triphophysa strauchii were respectively infected and the infection rate was above 60%;The Triphophysa strauchii infected with species of parasites was maximum in the 4species of fish Cobitidae.There were altogether 8species,however there were no infection parasites in Barbatula barbatula nuda.