针刺进针方向、角度和深度研究概况

Research progress on needle insertion parameters-direction,angle,and depth in acupuncture therapy

进针参数对经气方向、腧穴主治和补泻效果等有重要影响,保持一定针刺方向、角度和深度是安全针刺的前提,限定进针参数是针刺手法规范化的重要组成部分。多数研究者主要从人体解剖学结构的角度进行穴位安全性研究,也有研究者利用CT、MRI等医学影像学方法辅助研究。部分研究者以进针参数为单一变量研究其对针刺效应的影响,也有研究者在临床试验中将进刺参数与其他针刺手法量学参数结合,探索效应的最佳参数组合。建议将进针参数作为针刺手法量学一部分,从多方法、多因素、多角度等方面协同进行针刺疗法相关研究。

Acupuncture insertion parameters, direction, angle and depth, play an important role in direction of meridian Qi, indication and effects of reinforcing and reducing. To maintain the direction angle and depth of acupuncture needle is the precondition for the safety of acupuncture therapy. The standardization of acupuncture insertion parameters is an important part of acupuncture technique. Many researchers explore safe acupuncture parameters from human anatomy structure. Some researchers study parameters using medical imaging equipment such as CT and MRI. Some researchers observe effects of acupuncture parameters used as the single variable on treatment efficacy of acupuncture. Some other researchers explore the optimal parameters by combination of needle insertion parameters and other acupuncture methods in clinical trials. The needle insertion parameters should be used as a part of the acupuncture technique, and should be studied from aspects of multiple methods and multiple variables for acupuncture therapy.